pinckney



.' '3Sheets-Sheet 1. GgMLPINGKNEY,

(N 0 Model.)

UULT-IVATOR.

Patented Apr. 8, 1884.

WITNESSES INVEW'TOR .A'ttorney N. PETERS. Phulolimngupkar, WaWngiml. D.c.

(No Model.) s SheetsSheet 3'.

- 0. PI'NGKNEY.

GULTIVATOR. I

No. 296,615. Patented Apr. 8, 1884.

ilnrrn STATES ATENT FFiCE.

CHAUNCEY M. PINOKNEY, OF ALEDO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO AARONWV. COLE AND MARY A. COLE, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

CULTIVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,615, dated April 8,1884.

Application filed November 18, 1882.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Cnaononv M. PINCK- NEY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Aledo, in the county of Mercer and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCultivators; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters and figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification--Figure 1 being a top View of the cultivator; Fig. 2, a vertical sectionin a plane indicated by the line a" m, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a rear view ofthe frame of the cultivator, showing, also, the plow-beams incrosssection; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6, views of parts detached.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

My invention belongs to the class of straddle-row wheel-cultivators, themain parts of which, as shown in the drawings, are the two supportingwheels A A; i the arched frame B,

. support-edby the axle-journals a a, on which the wheels turn; the twoplows O O, pivoted to this frame behindthe same; the hounds D D,

mounted centrally on the top of the frame, and the tongue or pole E.

My improvements will herein be specified in succession.

My first improvement consists in a draft and weight equalizerconstructed and operating as follows: From the fixed cross-beam G on theforward end of the hounds D D the draft-bars H H, to which thesingle-trees of the team are hitched, are suspended by pivots or freejoints at b b, so, that their lower ends may move forward or backward;and upon the hounds D D, which extend backward of the frame B, and at asuitable distance behind the said frame, as indicated, is mounted by afulcrum or pivot, c, a freely-tilting cross beam or lever l, so that itstwo ends may play up or down. Each draft-bar H is connected at its lowerend by a rod, d, with the forward end of a bell-crank or swan-necklever, J, pivoted to the frame 13, and extending both forward andbackward therefrom, and having substantially the form (No model.)

shown, and indicated by its name; and with the rear end of eachswan-neck lever is connected by a rod, 6, one end of the pivoted leverI, the two arms of which are equal in length. The effect of thisconstruction is to cause the draft of the team to bear down on the leverI at both ends through theintermcdiate levers, J J, and consequently todepress the frame in the rear, and thereby to counterbalance the weightof the tongue or pole and properly balance the whole weight and draft ofthe cultivator, so that it shall be easy to the horses, as well aseffective in action. The pivoting of the crosslever I tends to equalizeand properly distribute the draft of the two horses when one draws moreforcibly at times than the other. Iprovide suitable means for adjustingthe length of the tongue or pole to suit the size of the horses employedto draw the cultivator or to determine their distance from thedraft-bars, as may be desired. I accomplish this by adjusting the tongueE forward or backward between the hounds D D, which is effected byincasing the rear end of the tongue between the hounds and suitablecross-bars, ff, (together with the crossbcam G as one, if desired,) sothat it will be held closely in the right position thereby, with freedomto slide back and forward, and by providing the tongue with aset ofholes, 9 g, Figs. 2 and 4, through either one of which to suit thepurpose a bolt, h, is passed, and through one pair of holes in thehounds.

My next improvement consists in the means of connecting the plows G Owith the frame B, by which the distance of the forward end of theplow-beams from the row of corn or other plants and the height of thesame from the ground are adjusted, while the free lateral and verticalswinging movements are allowed to the plows. The forward ends of thebeams i z of the plows are pivoted byhorizontal pivots j j to rockshafts or bars K K, there being sets of holes k k in thesaid rock-shaftsfor receiving the said pivots at different heights, and theserock-shafts are journaled in bearings L L, having slots Z Z, throughwhich the bolts m m, that attach them to the frame B, pass, and allowthe lateral adjustment of the bearings. Thus the two adjustments of theplows are effected.

' preferably attached to pieces or plates 01. a,

which are hinged to the upper ends of the arms M M, to allow a freer andeasier connection between the chain and arms. This connection, beingthus raised to about the height I 5 of the handles 0 o of the plows,rendersthe control of the plows more easy and sure. The shovels orworkingpoints of the plows, being always set to throw the earth towardthe corn, assist this construction of the plow-connection in keeping theplows steady. I provide frangible pins for allowing the plow-points to#yield without injuring the plow when an unyielding obstruction isencountered thereby. This arrangement is to place them near the middleof the brace-bars O O, which hold the plow-points in position. The pinsp p are put through holes in the two parts of the bracebar, which may beas sharp as desired. The connection is made here more readily, easily,

, and securely than when the connection is made at either end; and theseparated parts of the bar, being short and each held securely at oneend, are not so liable to be injured or do damage as by the oldconstruction. One part of 5 the bar is best made double, and the otherpart arranged between the sides of the double part, as shown in Fig. 5.Iapply plant-guard P on the inside of each plow. It is made with openslots, or of skeleton construction, as 0 shown in Fig. 2. Its two arms,q q, for attaching it respectively to the forward and rear parts of thebeam, are provided with slots M", to receive the attaching-bolts s 8,whereby the guard maybe adjusted to different heights, as

5 desired.

My next improvement consists in the pecusoil, and easier to control thedepth of cutting liar form of the shovels Q Q, as shown in Figs. 1 and6. The forward point, t, of each shovel, instead of being centralbetween the side edges, is much nearer the outer edge than the inner,substantially as shown, and the shovels are curved concavely inmold-board form, the concavity being substantially parallel with theinner front edge, a, of the shovel. This form gives a better front edgefor searifying the by, and throws more earth inward toward the plants,and that more freely than any other form with which I am acquainted.

I disclaim an adjustable evener for cultivators such as described in'Letters Patent No. 129,420, which also has a bell-crank connectionbetween the evener and the draft. In the said patent no pivoteddraft-hangers are shown, whereas my construction of the evener back ofthe axle, in connection with the pivoted draft-hangers in front of theaxle, more fully regulates the balancing of thetongue.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. In a draft and weight equalizer for cultivators, the combination ofthe suspended draft-bars H H, situated forward of the axle of themachine, vertically-swinging cross-lever I, situated back of the axle,bell-crank 75 levers J J, horizontal rods dd, connecting the saidhanging bars and the bell-crank levers, and vertical rods 6 6,connecting the cross-lever with the bell-crank levers, substantially asand for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination of the plows O 0, rockshafts K K, provided withadjusting pivotholes is k, bearings L L, provided with adjusting-slots ZZ, and bolts m m, with arched frame B, substantially as and for thepurpose herein 8 5 specified.

Intestimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OHAUNOEY M. PINOKNEY.

'Witnesses:

S. W. WEAVERLING, H. H. WEAVERLING.

